COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF FRESHWATER AND MARINE HYDROBIANS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31548/humanhealth.4.2025.07Keywords:
freshwater fish, marine hydrobionts, amino acid composition, fatty acids, ω-3 acidAbstract
The article presents the results of a comprehensive study on the chemical composition, amino acid profile, and fatty acid composition of the main commercial species of freshwater and marine fish, which constitute a significant segment of the modern fish market and are promising sources of high-quality proteins and lipids in human nutrition.
The purpose of the work is to carry out a comparative analysis of the chemical composition and nutritional value of freshwater and marine aquatic organisms, to determine their protein and lipid value, features of amino acid and fatty acid profiles, and to substantiate recommendations for the rational use of various types of fish raw materials in nutrition.
The study's subjects included freshwater species, such as carp, grass carp, and silver carp, as well as marine species, including cod, trout, and mackerel. When performing the work, methods of systematization, analysis, and generalization of information were used. To search for scientific sources, scientifically metric bibliographic databases were used: Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.
The results obtained indicate that the energy value of freshwater fish ranges from 104.35 to 129.85 kcal/100 g, which allows us to classify them as high-protein (15.60–18.91%) and low- or medium-fat products (3.1–8.1%). It has been proven that the proteins of carp and grass carp are characterized by a balanced composition of essential amino acids and do not contain limiting amino acids, while in silver carp the limiting ones are valine and methionine+cystine. In marine fish species, the ratio of essential amino acids exceeds the indicators of the “ideal protein”, which indicates their high biological value. Analysis of the fatty acid composition demonstrated species differences in the ratio of saturated, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids.
The research has significant practical implications for the food industry, dietetics, and aquaculture, as it highlights the importance of a rational combination of different fish species in human nutrition to provide the body with essential amino acids and essential fatty acids optimally.
References
Afshin A., Sur P.J., Fay K.A., Cornaby L., Ferrara G. (2019). Health effects of dietary risks in 195 countries, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2017. Lancet. 2019. Р. 1958–1972.
Baker, M.T., Lu, P., Parrella, J.A., & Leggette, H.R. (2022). Consumer acceptance toward functional foods: A scoping review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), article number 1217. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031217
Bal I. (2025). Research on the quality and safety indicators of fish pastes of increased biological value during storage. Health of Man and Nation, 3(2), Р. 105-113.
Bal I., Lebskyj, S., Tolok, G., Ustymenko, I., & Kyslytsia, Ya. (2023). State and prospects of fish processing technologies. Animal Science and Food Technology, 14(4), Р. 9-25. https://doi.org/10.31548/animal.4.2023.09
Bal I.M., Slobodyanyuk N.M., Lebsky S.O. (2023). Technological characteristics of the Clary catfish. Current issues of the present and post-war restoration of agriculture and ecology: expert and analytical components of the formation of the food strategy of Ukraine: a collection of materials based on the results of the scientific and practical conference on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the ULYABP of the Agricultural and Industrial Complex of the National University of Agricultural Sciences of Ukraine. Kyiv: National University of Agricultural Sciences of Ukraine, 2023. Р. 24-26. URL: http://quality.ua/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/zbirnik.mat_.konf_ulyabp _2023.pdf
Brandhorst, S., & Longo, V.D. (2019). Protein quantity and source, fasting-mimicking diets, and longevity. Advances in Nutrition, 10(4), pp. 340–350. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmz079
Dorozhko V., & Golembovska, N. (2025). Improving the technology of fish pastes with the addition of non-traditional raw materials. Human and National Health, 3(2), Р. 7-18.
Dulka O. S., Prybylsky V. L., Shydlovska O. B., Ishchenko T. I., Korzhos K. S. (2024). Technology of fish dishes using non-traditional plant raw materials. 2024 Food Industry No. 35. P. 24-37
Holembovska N.V., Lebska T.K. (2014). Nutritional value of carp and silver carp of autumn catch. Food Industry of Agriculture and Food Industry. 2014. No. 2. P. 11 – 15
Holembovska, N., & Vlasenko, A. (2022). Research of changes in quality indicators of fish pate with non-traditional raw materials. Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. Series: Food Technologies, 24(97), Р. 9-13. https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-f9702
Holembovska, N., Tyshchenko, L., Slobodyanyuk, N., Israelian, V., Kryzhova, Y., Ivaniuta, A., Pylypchuk О., Menchynska, A., Shtonda, O., & Nosevych, D. (2021). Use of aromatic root vegetables in the technology of freshwater fish preserves. Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences, 15, 296–305. https://doi.org/10.5219/1581
Innes, J. K., & Calder, P. C. (2020). Marine omega-3 (N-3) fatty acids for cardiovascular health: an update for 2020. International journal of molecular sciences, 21(4), 1362.
Kyslytsia Y., & Menchynska, A. (2025). African catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) as a promising raw material for healthy food products. Human and National Health, 3(1), Р. 88-99.
Lebsky S. (2022). Quality of lipid-carotenoid concentrate from the Black Sea shrimp Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837. Goods and Markets. No. 2 (42). P. 79–87.
Mazaraki A.A., Lebska T.K., Sydorenko O.V., Nikolayenko S.M., Prytulska N.V. (2014). Innovative technologies of fish processing: monograph. Kyiv: KNTEU. 432 p.
Mozaffarian, D., & Wu, J. H. (2011). Omega-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: effects on risk factors, molecular pathways, and clinical events. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 58(20), 2047-2067.
Mykhalchuk, P. S., & Kovalenko, V. O. (2024). African clary catfish – a promising object of industrial aquaculture in Ukraine. Collection of theses of master’s students of the National University of Life Resources and Environmental Management of Ukraine: collection of scientific papers of the conference of master’s students. Kyiv: NUBiP of Ukraine. Р. 60-62
Neznamov, S. O., & Pryveda, I. O. (2020). Clariya catfish – a promising object of aquaculture. “Innovative approaches to the formation and management of anthropogenic and natural ecosystems of southern Ukraine”. Materials of the scientific and practical Internet conference of teachers, young scientists and higher education students. March 18 - 19, Kherson, Р. 34-36.
O'Keefe J.H., Harris W.S. N-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) and cardiovascular health: updated review of mechanisms and clinical outcomes. Current Atherosclerosis Reports. 2025. Vol. 27, Article 13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-025-01363-2
Ovdiyuk, V. M. (2025). Theoretical aspects of the Claria catfish (Clarias gariepinus) as a biological species through the prism of modern research. Tavria Scientific Bulletin. Series: Agricultural Sciences, 2(143), Р. 337-346.
Starko M. (2023). Assessment of the possibility of cage cultivation of the catfish clarias gariepinus in the cooling pond of the South Ukrainian NPP. Problems of environmental protection and ecological safety: Collection of scientific works of the Ukrainian National Institute of Nuclear Energy; V. N. Karazin KhNU. Issue 45. Р. 136-142.
Tomczyk, M., Kowalska, A., Dzitkowska-Zabielska, M., Calder, P. C., Fisk, H. L., Kulczyński, B., & Antosiewicz, J. (2025). Changes in erythrocyte fatty acid profile after 12 weeks of omega-3 fatty acid (EPA+ DHA) supplementation and endurance training in amateur runners. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 102710.
Zadorozhny M. V. (2023). Peculiarities of hardening of young Clarias catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) for cultivation in natural conditions of northern Ukraine. Tavria Scientific Bulletin, (132), Р. 352-357.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Human and nation's health
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
All materials are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License, which allows others to extend the article with acknowledgment of authorship and first publication in this journal.
